English Martial Arts

 History of English Martial Arts – an article by Terry Brown, English Martial Artist.

England is not the first home of the English; their ancestral home which was known as Angeln, was situated on the mainland of continental Europe in an area that roughly corresponds to the southern half of present day Denmark. The Engle, as the English were then known, were a Germanic race so it is likely that their culture would have had something in common with that of other Germanic races who settled the region. It is therefore not unreasonable to suppose certain likenesses in the military skills of the early English and the methods of other early Germanic peoples of Western Europe. In this context it may then be possible to deduce, or infer, some knowledge of the military practices of the Engle (English) from classical sources such as Tacitus.

It is human nature to improve knowledge and hone skills, attitudes epitomised by martial artists. Each generation of martial artists will avidly absorb instruction from their teachers and then just as avidly pass it on to the next generation. It is likely that the martial knowledge of the English was passed from generation to generation in this way for centuries (as it was/is for example in China). In addition to inherited knowledge there would also have been imported knowledge resulting from, for example, the Danish and Norman

‘The Iron Duke

The Iron Duke’  1769 – 1852 (‘Old Hooky’)

Born in Ireland to aristocracy he famously said:

"Being born in a stable, does not make one a horse, so my fellow I’m an Englishman not Irish."

A true military commander, politician, and statesman. Affectionately known as ‘Hooky’ by his soldiers because of the shape of his nose. He returned the compliment once after an incident of looting by his troops, by calling them,‘the scum of the earth, enlisted only for drink.’ Yet an enemy would know that when they saw the Red coats of his troops they knew they were in for a hard fight. Often a single battalion would defeat a French division. He in turn commanded some very hard battlefield commanders such as Beresford, Picton, and others. Wellingtons army in the Napoleonic wars was one thing. Tough. He himself never lost his personal qualities of discipline, loyalty to England, and toughness.

Ensign to Field Marshall
Commander at the battles of Assaye, Porto, Salamanca, Vitoria, Toulouse, Talavera de Reina, the storming of Badajoz. Victor over Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815.
Member of Parliament
British Prime Minister twice.
22 January 1828 – 16 November 1830
17 November 1834 – 9 December 1834

He is buried in St Paul’s Cathedral. His honours and legacies are too numerous to list. The crowds at his funeral were vast.

Alfred The Great c. 849 – 899

Great and Famous English People

 Alfred The Great c. 849 – 899 (AElfred)

Alfred was the Anglo-Saxon King of Wessex. Famous for ‘burning the cakes’ when seeking refuge from the Vikings in Somerset. By 878 England was divided between the Danish Vikings and the Saxons who held the South West of England. Wessex. But after a long struggle in 896 the Danes submitted to the Saxons and Alfred effectively became the first English King. He set about reorganising the army known as the Fyrd and the Navy. Both the Royal Navy and the US Navy claim him as their founder. He married the Grand Daughter of the King of Mercia (central England,) and had as many as six children, one of whom was Princess Ethelfleda, a true English warrior Princess, who herself became a Queen. Her nephew and Alfreds grandson, King Athelstan of Wessex was another great Anglo-Saxon warrior who finally defeated the last Romano British at the bloody Battle of Brunanburgh giving all England to the Anglo-Saxons in 937. Thus England was born from these two great warriors.
Defender of England over many battles with the Vikings. King of the West Saxons, and King of all the Anglo-Saxons, Alfred is the only English monarch to be called ‘the Great.’

Allaha Is One

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                                       Plane Crash Most Common Reasons

Once the flights of planes paved their way on international level; they became the most luxurious mode and people belonging to elite class started preferring them for having the short time used for covering long distances. In the beginning passengers were few and the flights were only used for international travelling. With the gradual evolution; people travelling through planes grew in number and flights made their routes vast as these were also started for domestic purposes. These were no more a sign of elite class as common people could affordably go through them on their destinations.

The plane crashes are the worst and bring the greater disasters if happen. Sometimes, the dead bodies are unable to be called bodies for the scattered body parts and the ruined lives. An accident on road or for land transportation can never be compared with a plane crash as the chances of people to be rescued are near to zero in the case of a plane crash. You will hardly have heard that the victims of a plane crash were able to survive; the reason is that they do not remain alive till the plane crashes the land or loses its track. So, these crashes are always taken on serious nodes and the steps are immediately taken to control this to happen for the next time.